OCR Rendition - approximate

Relations between Civilized and Savage Life. 347 3. It is nearly self evident that neither of these requisites can be secured unless it be first settled whether the moral and social as well as the political standard is to be that of the European Colonist or of the native tribe. Not only have the essential pre-requisites as above defined never existed anywhere under any native rule, but they are clearly incompatible with it. This question has been practically determined wherever the rule of England prevails, and hence follow the consequent conditions of 4. Education according to English standards, a condition which has been supplied in various degrees both by the various Governments of the different British Colonies, and yet more extensively and completely by the various missionary bodies at work in South Africa. There are two most important branches of the conditions I have specified of which we must not lose sight (a.) The first belongs to the necessity for a Government able to protect person and property. Such a Government cannot exist unless it has the exclusive power of making war and peace. Nor can such exclusive power be effectively exercised unless the Government is able to prohibit private warfare being carried on, either by individuals or by small sections of the community, without the permission or authority from the general Government. Hence sooner or later arises the necessity for measures of disarmament, or for the prohibition of carrying arms in public without license from the Government. Much unnecessary controversy has arisen about what is called the policy of disarmament,"-a controversy which would never have arisen had it been borne in mind that the habitual carrying of arms ad lib'ttum in public, naturally and inevitably carries with it the power to use such arms at will ; and that if the individual will is directed by any authority save that of the Government, effective protection by the Government of the person or property of its subjects becomes difficult and ultimately impossible ; an essential prerogative, necessary to the existence of any civilized Government, has, in such case, been transferred to the possession of individual subjects. The other condition to which I would refer may be regarded either as a question of police-a branch of the essential condition of protection to person and property-or as a question of education. It is equally important in both aspects, and relates to the unrestricted use of intoxicating substances. The importance of the subject will be self-evident if it is considered that in no civilized country is the manufacture and sale of intoxicating substances left absolutely free ; whilst in