366   Index.

VAPOUR.

Vapour baths, 15.

Varnish of sealing-wax, 332.

Vavasour, Lady, 76. Vegetables, Chollet's, 196. Vegetation indicates water, 212. Verification of instruments, 352. Vermin on the person, 18.

Vessels to carry water, small, 226 ;

large, 230.

Vice in horses, 56; in oxen, 6o. Virgil, 173.

Vital heat, 124, 128.

Vraic, 184 (tee "Seaweed "). Vulture trapping, 268.

Wadding, 246.

Wafers, 332.

Wagons, ^, 5 ; to take across a river, 87 ;

axle-tree, to repair, 336, 334. Waistcoat, 215 ; strait-waistcoat, 320. Wakefulness, 6.

Walls, 132, 135, 137 ; of snow, 143 ; of straw or reeds, 146.

Washing, clothes, 120; oneself, 122. Watch, pocket for, 115; watch-glass as

a burning lens, 172; cover as a

reflector, 172.

Watching, 313, 315.

Water for Drinking 211.-General

remarks, 211 ; signs of the neighbourhood of water, 212 ; pools of water, 213 ; fountains, 214 ; wells, 216 ; snow-water, z19; distilled water, 220; occasional means of quenching thirst, 223; to purify water that is muddy or putrid, 224; thirst, to relieve, 225; small water-vessels, 226; kegs and tanks, 231 ; to raise water fr,,m wells for cattle, 235.-To see things under water, 87, z72 ; shooting by waterside, 250; floating game across water, 251 ; raising heavy bodies out of water, 325 ; banks of watercourse a

bad pathway, 295; bivouac by water,

138; water causes earth over caches to sink, 300; waterproofing 113, Wattle and daub, 144.

Wax, bee-hives, to find, 199; waxed paper, 329; wax candles, 350; shoemakers' wax, 270.

ZEMSEMIYAH.

Way, to find, 292.-Recollection of a path, 292; to walk in a straight line through forest, 293 ; to find the best way down a hill-side, 294; blind

paths, '294; lust in afog, 294; mirage,

295 ; lost path, 295 ; theory, 296. Weapons of defence, 312. Weaving mats, 14i ; girths, 72. Webbing, 72.

Weber, Dr., 198.

Weights drawn and carried by cattle,

13, 54; theory of, and distances, 54;

heavy weights, to move, 322 ; to carry,

256.

Welding iron, 339.

Wells, 216; dry, used as sleeping places,

138.

Wet clothes, to dry, 118 (see " Dry "). Whalebone, 347.

Wheels, to tar and grease, 77 ; tire made

of hide, 336.

Whistle, 282. Whitewash, 149, 292. Whymper, Mr., 16o. Williams, Rev. Mr., 322.

Wind, shelter from, 13o; as a guide,

288.

Women, strength of, 7; kindliness of,

310.

Wood (see TIMBER and TREES) shavings

for bed, 126; fire-wood, 184. Wooden

cups for tea, 205; shingles for roof,

149.

Woolley, Mr., 44.

Wounded persons, to carry, 23. Wrangel, Admiral, 63.

Writing Materials, 328.-- Paper,

328 ; bookbinding, 329 ; pens and paint-brushes, 330; ink, 331; Oxgall, 331; wafers, paste, and gum, 332; signets, 332; sealing-wax varnish, 332 ; small boxes for specimens, 333.-Letters, to deposit en Cache, 303 ; writing in the dark, 26; on horseback, 6h.

Wyndham, Mr. F. M,, 327.

Zemsemiyah, 229.

THE END.

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